Silk Road Central Asia Uzbekistan

Since old times, this country has captivated the imagination, focused attention and fascination of its extraordinary culture, tradition. Thousands of years ago, when Europe was in the hands of the barbarians, the country has already had running water, the finest silk dresses, and a whole world of Confucian wisdom. You probably already guessed what country is it? This is of course China, or as they call it the Chinese themselves Chung Kuo – Central State. China has managed to create one of the most fascinating cultures, incorporating it into their traditions, expressive buildings and hardworking people.

China – One of the most enigmatic of countries, annually attracts many tourists from all over the world. Goals of all tourists are different. Someone buys a tour to China for business negotiations, someone – to rest, others wish to get acquainted with the authentic culture of China, someone intended to visit exhibitions in China, the acquisition of some goods.

We invited a lot of tours to China (another name for China), and a man, not sophisticated in a variety of travel is not always easy to understand on what to choose. We are all different, some prefer to do business with the aim of establishing business cooperation, someone will go to the Chinese fair, China is really famous for the good of diversity represented products. And if anyone wants to see it all the splendor of the Chinese nature, it does not make a mistake selecting the tour at Hainan Island. Tours in Hainan has already caught the fancy of many of our countrymen, thanks largely to its uniqueness. This is the only island in China with a tropical climate, thanks to this he received the name “Oriental Hawaii”.

On one island you can see the extraordinary purity of the sea and the majestic ancient volcano, a visit which will leave an unforgettable impression. Impossible to ignore tours in cities in China.

Hong Kong – Excellent, bright, unusually colorful island located in southeastern China. Probably the only place where so closely fused east and west, forming a colorful world, like Hong Kong. If you are not indifferent to the nocturnal adventures, calls chic clubs and just have fun, then this place just be your paradise. It is also worth saying a few words about tours in Beijing. Amazing, amazing contrast the Chinese capital since the last century, attracted world-class tourist attractions. Great Wall, tombs of emperors of the Ming dynasty, Beijing Opera, Imperial Palace, Temple of HeavenAll this is just a small piece of what you can find here.

Before you buy Tickets to China, Consider that you need Tour Operator in China. Tours in China today is organizing a huge number of companies, travel agencies. Activities in China – this is an unusual nature, new people, and unknown culture. Do not forget that many people visit the exhibition in China, because it was crowded fairs and exhibitions is famous for China! Equipment, clothing, jewelry, food, drinks, unusual sweetness – that only a small part of what is shown in exhibitions in China! Also do not forget about those little things that need to be done before the trip. First and foremost – visa to China. Visa to China is issued for a period of 30 days, which most likely you will be sufficient for the incomparable vacation.

Term of registration of Chinese visa usually takes seven days, but at the very least, it is possible to draw an emergency visa for only one day. It’ll pass it, though slightly more expensive. Also worth to think about such a thing as a timely Purchase tickets in China. Flights from Russia to China fly every day, so it should only think of so far are going to fly. Among available to fly from Moscow to China include cities such as: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Urumqi and some others. These same cities in China and can fly back to Moscow.

During the tours to China, in addition to rest and visit cultural sites in China, you can also receive treatment in China. You can improve the health clinics of traditional Chinese medicine. One of the most famous and respected clinics – clinic doctors Sunja.

Rest and treatment in China this is what you may have heard, but certainly never experienced. Will not even try to describe how effective, natural, traditional Chinese medicine. Meanwhile in China are widely distributed and popular acupuncture, aromatherapy, balneotherapy, hydrocolonotherapy, mud therapy, inhalation, therapeutic baths, body wraps and much more. And it may seem an unusual holiday in the amazing and beautiful capital of the southeastern province of Guangdong, the city of Guanzhou, the world-famous garden of orchids. Here at area 8 gekatorov among the rocks, artificial waterfalls, planted in pots over 100 species of orchids. Also great for fans shoppingwell, every major Chinese city holds regular fairs and exhibitions, attracting both buyers and sellers from all over the world. If after all of the above have not yet awakened the desire to buy a tour to China, it can only mean one thing, forget about it all and once you’re all in this remote and mysterious country – let her show herself what she really stands.

Beijing and Hong Kong – The city, which is scheduled to visit everyone who wants an opportunity to feel the atmosphere, the spirit of China. Cheap flights to Beijing and Hong Kong will purchase any tour operator to Asia. Tours to Beijing, especially popular among businessmen, all those who have decided to take a business trip to China. Tours in Hong Kong include an interesting city tour, during which you can really enjoy the city, which is rightly called a city of contrasts. It is a city that uniquely combines the East and West. Unusual culture, a lot of entertainment and a boiling nightlife – that’s what a holiday in Hong Kong! Hotels in Hong Kong, of course, impossible to miss, and will be pleased with the level of service, courteous staff, and completeness of services offered.

Tour in China would be incomplete without a visit to Guangzhou. Tour in Guangzhou necessarily imply a visit to its beautiful parks – Sami Yuesyu large park, the park of culture with many attractions, the park Haychaun, known for its great monastery in China – the monastery of the Ocean Flag, Orchid Park, which represented more than a hundred species of orchids and unusual zoo Chanlun where You can look at the strange animals.

We recommend you to visit the most mysterious place in China – Hainan Island. The name of this island translates as “island south of the sea”. This is a very large tropical island, covered with plantations of banana, mango, coffee and tea.

A full – Tour in China can not do without visiting the volcano Ma Anh. A lot of tourists annually flock to the volcano. Be sure to visit the restaurant, located on the mountain. A wonderful restaurant in the open air, surrounded by a palm grove. The restaurant is renowned stage on which are colorful performances by local residents.

China also famous for its thermal springs. Sources of these varied. Radon sources contribute to the treatment of sciatica, rheumatism, gynecological diseases. And while the potassium-sodium recommended for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the nervous system, skin, respiratory system. A river called the river Vantsuan Ten thousands of sources. And this is true. A huge number of hot springs of this river attracts hundreds of thousands of people every day who want to improve your health and recharge your positive energy of the neighborhood.

Qualitative tours and travel in China memorable, book a tour to China, our company you will receive complete information about China, as well as assistance in the preparation of accompanying documents: insurance, visas to China, checks and cards. Upon arrival of China’s international airport, you will meet a Russian guide, who will help you settle in, passing acquaint you with all the attractions of the region, which you have chosen to holiday in China.

Regional title shaman — Kam Altai, boor in Tuva and Khakassia, boo in Mongolia, hence the term kamlat -conduct a ritual to beat a drum. Shamans are mainly inherited, gaining strength from the spirits of ancestors, although sometimes there are very powerful shaman who receive power from the Sky -Tengri or vice versa from the lower world in the person of his lord Erlig-KAANAN.

Education Starter shaman is usually in teaching formal things, such as the right fight the tambourine or the sequence of rituals, shamanic knowledge taboo. Internal content of all these things shaman receives from the spirits – aides who suggest what to do, what songs to sing, how to treat patients in a particular case. Many shamans have never, no one learned when they felt the shamanic call, they all trained spirits. Strong shaman in any situation, familiar or unfamiliar to him, acts spontaneously from inner impulse, without thinking about their actions, but in accordance with the standards adopted in its traditions, and his actions later on are the only right ones. But always there is some scope for which it will not work, so his actions may make him angry spirits-helpers.

Funeral rites performed mainly with the aim of healing people, at least in connection with failures, livestock, fortune telling, etc. Shamans, people are very specific, and will not be kamlat abstract, without a specific purpose and once again disturbed duhov.Suschestvuet notion that the shaman must kamlat for someone to help. For a shaman can kamlat, but only on certain days of the month and abstract travels, he did not commit.

Each shaman has a strictly defined position and level of training of shamanic attributes, without which no cost, no rite. The most common attributes are the cloak, hat, tambourine and rattle.

Shaman’s cloak sewn from the skins of goats or sheep or wool fabric, over which sewed pictures of snakes, made of colored ribbons and fringe. 18 differ shoulder snakes, which hang from the shoulders to the floor and 40 small snakes, sewn on the sleeves and the left half of his cloak, on the right-field image of snakes available. Snakes are strong advocates of the spirits, the shaman in his travels to the nether world and protect his shoulders, back and left side from the attacks of evil spirits. Another detail of a shaman’s coat are related to the nodes leather laces length about 15 cm, sewn to the cloak and employees shaman wings.

In general, all the details of shaman costumes are very concrete, practical value and have no explanation in terms of energy. The value of certain items altogether lost, no one knows what they are, their presence is determined by tradition, the memory that they should be.

In suits Mongolian shamans found an image of the human skeleton, including the image of individual bones, ribs and hands. Solid skeleton of a human or animal is considered to be the embodiment of life force, the most valuable from the fact that they can take the spirits. Researchers attribute this ancient tradition with shamanic initiations, during which the novice shaman tortures himself and sacrifices himself to the spirits that they were his assistants. This is manifested in the Bon ritual Chod (amputation), where the practitioner offers himself, his flesh, blood and bones as an offering to the spirits, to completely get rid of any attachment to this world.

Previously, in addition to the shaman’s costume was sewn large number of iron arrowheads and bundles of tubes, made in the form of pipes, each of which was sewn bell. This was done in order to frighten evil spirits. Noise of such a suit could really scare anyone. The weight of such a suit was significant, so wear it without assistance was impossible, and move can be difficult as long as the shaman did not start kamlat. The more severe were a tambourine and a shaman’s costume, especially the lungs and is rapidly becoming his movements during the ritual. They explain this by saying that the spirits helpers sorry shaman and give him the ability to fly above the earth.

Now modern shamans run leaving only bells, though quite old shamans can still see a similar suit. So know one old Mongolian shaman, who 72 years, and a suit which weighs 72 kilograms and with every passing year it becomes increasingly difficult due to a suit sewn on ribbons, scraps, bags with ritual offerings (tobacco), which offers asylum.

Another powerful type of amulets are “thunder stones” – pieces of a meteorite. They are often found in the area and connected with them a cult, they are hung on the back of shaman costumes, they are used in the treatment, applying to the sore spot, or adding in powdered form in food.

Headwear shaman in Tuvinian and Altaic is a tape to the upper edge is sewn eagle feathers – 40 large and 20 small ones. The ribbon painted eyes and ears, personifying a shamanistic ability to vision and hearing. The very same hat is the main attribute of the shaman to help him fly, but for especially high-flying ahead of eagle feathers attached two long black feathers, they help to overcome the resistance of air. Often bands sewn on the front fringe of the ribbons which completely covers the face, it is clearly seen through the fire and spirits, but do not see people around them.

Alternatively, a headdress, very common in the Buryat-iron hoop, which are fastened the horns to frighten evil spirits. This headdress is called “crown”, and considered that it may have only shamans higher initiation, “crowned” shamans.

The views of the peoples of Central Asia, from Siberia to Tibet include the following common to all mythological notions: the universe consists of three worlds: heaven, or the Upper, Middle or lands of the world in which we live, and the lower the underworld. Each world has its own ruler, very powerful creature. Each world can share more on some levels, the number of which differs in different people. All worlds are inhabited by various creatures, some of which are helping people, while others took a hostile attitude to him.

Such, for example, albysy and shulbusy, are frequently found in deserted steppe or taiga and able to take human form and become implanted in the man and take him crazy or make them do strange things, such as a human meat, etc. These creatures are the heroes of many stories that have described the local residents, each of whom has ever met albysa or shulbusa.

Unlike albysov and shulbusov guardian spirits of places are neither hostile nor supportive to the person they are too powerful and independent, if they do not offend the wrong actions and make offerings to them, they can attract to its side. Definitely good to a man are good spirits-ereny or Ongon, Each of which has its own image, and his spirit and his image is often identified. The main function Eren is to protect a particular family or person from evil spirits, sending the disease. Some Eren could only have a shaman, the other-any person.

One group Eren were spirits of dead ancestors, they served as repositories of anthropomorphic images. Another group, the spirits of some animals and birds, especially the bear, which is devoted to a particular cult, as well as a snake, sable, an eagle, falcon, etc. Eren may serve as some living pets, for example, the widespread cult of the sacred white horse Tuvinians and Mongols. This horse, stands out for its appearance, never saddled and rode on him, compliment him as a god. Mongol khans were taken of the horses in front of the troops as a talisman. A white horse, carrying on the back of the jewel is one of the major symbols of Tibetan Buddhism.

Animal keepers have each of the shaman, the most powerful shamans have as custodians of the bear and the snake. Their ereny are sewn from felt or leather figure with bound pieces of skins or claws, teeth, and covered with numerous ribbons or dried animal paws.

Among the anthropomorphic Eren special prominence Ehren -ancestors of the shaman, from which the shaman shaman inherited gift. Their images were made on the crossbeam of the tambourine, the hats, they were the main patrons of the shaman, his native power. In addition, each family has a pair of ancestorsEren in the form of felt figures, which are sewn bags of flour and ribbons in each case assistance. In addition they are regularly fed with milk and tea, splashing out a special spoon with nine cavities. In general, before each meal or drink tea every tuvinets, or Mongolian Buryat usually sprinkles the spirits of the four corners of the earth, fire, water, and in memory of the dead.

I would like to mention also a strong Eren –White Elder ” Sagaan Ubgen –Eren, which is a symbol of longevity and immortality, and very popular among the Buryat and Mongolians, he is currently one of Buddhist saints of the region and a hero of folk tales, where it represents a great shaman.

Very strong Eren, formerly only the great shamans, is kuzungu ancient-bronze circular mirror that hangs on a ribbon around his neck. It is believed that the shaman accidentally finds it destroyed by the Scythian burial mounds, under the high banks of rivers or it has itself jumped into his hands, very rarely cast it on special order. Availability kuzungu is a shaman among the issues of prestige. It is believed that without him, and therefore can not be treated in modern shamans, it is a mandatory attribute of the costume.

All the everyday life of these peoples ritualizirovanna, there is a wide variety of taboos. Literally every domestic action must be realized in the sense not to offend the fire, water, or some powerful spirit, guardian of the area and not lose a fortune. There are so many different rules that it is impossible to perform them on the machine, the local people themselves must always be attentive to their actions. It is often seen as some type of sweeping economic pursuits of the yurt, pouring tea, or whipping butter turns into a ritual with many parts, and has shamanic ritual with external simplicity of action, they are not “esoteric” is simply saturated with knowledge and concentrated on the fact being done.

Rites performed in honor of the spirits of mountains and hunting and fishing grounds include offerings to these owners. They may differ in nature. Eastern Tuva on the way to hunt for passes spray drops of tea or milk on the four corners of the earth, accompanying these acts singing certain songs, which are known to every hunter. In the case of a successful hunt, they make offerings to the fire, threw pieces of meat produced and spraying the fire drops of tea.

Widely distributed throughout Central Asia, the ritual of building a pyramid of stones ovaa in habitat particularly powerful spirits. At the top of the pyramid, the tour is set pole, which as an offering to hang colored ribbons. Such structures can be seen throughout Tuva and Khakassia passes, mountain tops and in a particularly beautiful places, for example, with unusual trees or springs. Everyone passing by to add his stone pyramid and hang the ribbon on a pole, often divorced from their own clothes, as well as perform strike and make offerings: food, tobacco, horse hair from the mane of a horse or figures carved from wood and depicting animals, for their reproduction or for a successful hunt for them.

In the future, the spread of Buddhism, this custom in Tibet and Mongolia, was transformed into the construction of stupas and putting up multi-colored flags lungta.

In these areas the most respected places are the mountains with the flat treeless peaks, which have a special name taiga and are considered sacred, especially there are many similar facilities, and it was there conducting the ritual shamans. Ordinary people in these places try not to walk only in cases of great public exclamations, and the women there do try not to let.

Another object of worship is a special shaman’s tree, which is a pine or larch, which has several stems growing from one root and fantastically strong izognuty.Osobo are trees, where the larch and spruce grow from the same root. These trees are the property as in individual families, genera, and in some shamans who go there kamlat “for themselves. Each shaman has such a tree, where he conducts an annual ritual. If during the life of the shaman is a tree dies, it is believed that he had lost his shamanistic gift. By branches such trees tied ribbons to fumigate artyshem , Local mozhevelnikom, analog Tibetan Sanga and sprinkles it with milk and Arak.